1642 saw the start of the first real crisis in the English monarchy, with the English Civil War. 200 years prior to this there were the Wars of the Roses fought between the houses of Lancaster and York, which were steeped with great significance in English history, yet they did not question the existence of monarchy, only the identity of the ruling monarch. The country was split into two: Parliamentarians, or Roundheads and Royalists, or Cavaliers.
Without becoming bogged down in the details of the wars, we can offer a simple outline. Historians have broken it down into three major periods of conflict: 1642 to 1646, 1648 to 1649, and 1649 to 1651. This immediately puts into question the simple idea of Parliamentarian success. Although, the Parliamentarians did succeed in the first and second periods of conflict, the fact of three different periods of conflict within 10 years seems to…
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Utopia, you are standing in it! 
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