By Fabio Manca.
Measuring skills can be problematic as adequate proxies are, in many cases, not readily available. ‘Qualification levels’ are among the most commonly used proxies for skills as they can be found in large datasets produced by national statistical offices and updated regularly.
Qualifications, however, are only an imperfect approximation of workers’ competences, skills and abilities. In certain situations, for instance, workers may be categorised as being over or under-qualified (e.g. when their qualification levels are above/below those that are theoretically required by the job) while, nonetheless, being well matched by skills (as measured, for instance, by surveys like the Survey of Adults Skills, PIAAC). This situation is usually referred to as ‘apparent qualification mismatch’.
The reasons behind apparent qualification mismatch can be various. Apparent over-qualification (e.g. when a worker has a qualification level that is above the one theoretically required by the job but his/her…
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