by Tim Harding
There were enormous differences in the timing of slavery abolition in the North of the United States compared to the South. The gradual state by state emancipation of slaves began in the North soon after the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Yet there was no legislated emancipation of any slaves in the South until 1865, after a bloody and destructive Civil War against the North. Why was this so? Was it simply due to geographic differences in the levels of racial prejudice against black Africans? Or were there, as I intend to examine in this essay, more complex and relevant cultural, political, economic or religious differences between the North and the South?
In terms of the abolition of slavery, the dividing line between the North and the South was the Mason – Dixon Line, which separated free Pennsylvania from slave Maryland, Delaware, and what is now West…
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