Income by educational attainment in the USA

New Zealand is on top of the world for education spending

College graduates don’t really notice recessions

The payoff from investing in education is large in developing countries

Should everybody go to college? Could everybody go to college?

New Zealand spends a lot in education for a pretty average education premium in return

Whitlam’s curse – How higher education drives inequality among the bottom 99%

Gough Whitlam abolished tuition fees at Australian universities in 1972. The idea was to reduce inequality. He entrenched it instead, and gave a flying start to those of already above-average talents.

David Autor in a recent paper has illustrated how the gap between the highly educated and the less educated is growing at a far faster rate than the gap between the top 1% in the bottom 99% in the USA. David Autor argues that

a single minded focus on the top 1% can be counterproductive given that the changes to the other 99% have been more economically significant.

 

  1. since the early 1980s, the earnings gap between workers with a high school degree and those with a college education has become four times greater than the shift in income during the same period to the very top from the 99%.
  2. Between 1979 and 2012, the gap in median annual earnings between households of high-school educated workers and households with college-educated ones expanded from $30,298 to $58,249, or by roughly $28,000.
  3. If the incomes of the bottom 99% are grown at the same pace as the top 1% their incomes would have increased by $7000 per household.

Autor argues that the growth of skill differentials among the other 99% is more consequential than the rise of the 1% for the welfare of most citizens.

via How Education Drives Inequality Among the 99% – Real Time Economics – WSJ.

The key driver of inequality is…

HT: http://blogs.wsj.com/economics/2014/05/22/how-education-drives-inequality-among-the-99/

Annual earnings by undergraduate major in the USA

Image

The Upside of Income Inequality » Gary Becker and Kevin Murphy

Figure 1. Percentage by which the wage of workers with college and graduate school educations exceeds that of workers with high school only.

F2

F4

via The Upside of Income Inequality » AEI.

The top 10% are a bunch of bludgers in New Zealand too

Source: topincomes-parisschoolofeconomics

One reason why the top 10% in New Zealand have been a pretty ordinary lot compared to the USA is New Zealand’s university graduate premium – the college premium as it is known in the USA – is at the very bottom of the OECD ladder at about 18% – rock bottom 32nd out of 32 – the wooden spoon.

The College premium in the USA is about 64%, as shown in the OECD data below from OECD Education at Glance. Naturally, this high College premium in the USA should show up in well educated, highly skilled people earning a lot more than those that don’t go to college and don’t go to graduate school.

Stats link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932460515

Little wonder that the USA top 10% are breaking away from the pack. This slow increase in the income share of the top 10% since the early 1970s coincided with large numbers, including many more women in long duration professional degrees, going to university.

Prior to the mid-1970s, the College premium in the USA had been falling for about a decade because of large numbers of people going on to College and many of these two graduate school to get a draft deferment.

People married younger then so by the time people were at the end of College or graduate school, they were usually married with children and got of further draft deferment and aged out of the draft system.

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