‘Market Power in Antitrust Cases,’ by William M. Landes and Richard A. Posner

William M. Landes and Richard A. Posner’s 1981 Harvard Law Review article “Market Power in Antitrust Cases” is a true classic. Showing the value of interdisciplinary work within the law & economics tradition, it brought real clarity to what “market power” means and how courts should assess it—cutting through vague labels like “monopoly power” and…

‘Market Power in Antitrust Cases,’ by William M. Landes and Richard A. Posner

Quotation of the Day…

Tweet… is from page 152 of Thomas Sowell’s Compassion Versus Guilt, a 1987 collection of some of his popular essays; specifically, it’s from Sowell’s June 14th, 1985, column titled “Chances versus Guarantees”: People who bought homes in a quiet little town often become resentful when other people begin moving in, expanding and changing the community.…

Quotation of the Day…

Profile of George Borjas and his influence

More recently, his research has found new attention and urgency in President Donald Trump’s second term: Borjas, 75, worked as a top economist on the Council of Economic Advisers, a post he stepped down from last week. Borjas is an immigrant and refugee who escaped Cuba for the United States in 1962 and later obtained…

Profile of George Borjas and his influence

Trump’s Shameful Economic Illiteracy

No, today’s column is not about Trump’s inane protectionism, which is definitely an example of economic illiteracy. It’s about another area where Trump is copying Joe Biden, channeling Elizabeth Warren, mind-melding with AOC, and acting like Bernie Sanders. Though it probably is indirectly connected with protectionism. “Affordability” has become a big issue, in part because […]

Trump’s Shameful Economic Illiteracy

Quotation of the Day…

Tweet… is from page 11 of Menzie Chinn’s and Douglas Irwin’s superb 2025 textbook, International Economics: There is a parable about an entrepreneur who invents an amazing machine. Wheat, soybeans, lumber, and oil are fed into one end of the contraption. As if by magic, smartphones, coffee, and tea, and all manner of clothing and…

Quotation of the Day…

Reflections on the Caplan-Bruenig Poverty Debate

Last month, Econoboi hosted a debate on poverty between myself and Matt Bruenig. Here are my reflections on that debate.I was pleasantly surprised by Bruenig’s openness to most of my proposed supply-side reforms. He wasn’t just pro-immigration, but also pro-deregulation of housing and pro-nuclear. He was happy to admit that these policies aren’t just good…

Reflections on the Caplan-Bruenig Poverty Debate

Building more will boost labor’s share

This paper argues that the decline in the labor share is not driven by the overall quantity of capital, but by its changing composition. Constructing annual macro data for 16 advanced countries over two centuries, we show that, since 1980, the relative decline in buildings capital and the associated increase in real prices of buildings…

Building more will boost labor’s share

Why Some US Indian Reservations Prosper While Others Struggle

Our colleague Thomas Stratmann writes about the political economy of Indian reservations in his excellent Substack Rules and Results. Across 123 tribal nations in the lower 48 states, median household income for Native American residents ranges from roughly $20,000 to over $130,000—a sixfold difference. Some reservations have household incomes comparable to middle-class America. Others face persistent…

Why Some US Indian Reservations Prosper While Others Struggle

Some Links

TweetSteven Greenhut decries the current condition of the Republican Party. A slice: We’ve become numb to narcissistic rage posts from our president, but the highly publicized Turning Point USA convention last week offers a preview into where the Republican Party is going after Donald Trump exits the stage. It’s not pretty. As we’ve seen recently…

Some Links

Keynes: Free Trade and the Nationalist Impulse

In 1933, John Maynard Keynes gave the first Finlay Lecture delivered at University College, Dublin, on the subject of “National Self-Sufficiency” (Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review,” June 1933, 22: 86, pp. 177-193). The Irish Free State of 1933 was a transition phase: after the Irish War of Independence that had ended in 1921, but before…

Keynes: Free Trade and the Nationalist Impulse

Economic Inequality Does Not Cause Lower Subjective Ratings of Well-Being

It’s become a nearly standard claim that economics inequality makes people feel worse-off, or perhaps even leads to mental illness. However, Nicolas Sommet,  Adrien A. Fillon, Ocyna Rudmann,  Alfredo Rossi Saldanha Cunha and Annahita Ehsan did what is called a “meta-analysis” of the available studies–that is, they went back and looked at the underlying data, methods, and findings…

Economic Inequality Does Not Cause Lower Subjective Ratings of Well-Being

What Star Wars AND Star Trek can teach us about economics

This is not a “Star Wars vs Star Trek” post. I’m non-partisan. I enjoy both Star Wars and Star Trek about equally. And it turns out that I am not alone. Last December, John Hawkins (University of Canberra) wrote in The Conversation about what Star Wars can teach us about economics. This year, Hawkins (with Tesfaye…

What Star Wars AND Star Trek can teach us about economics

Why not leave rubbish collection to the private sector?

Radio NZ reports: Auckland Councillors have voted not to proceed with a six-month trial of fortnightly kerbside rubbish collections in parts of the city, after considering public feedback. The proposed trial would’ve halved the number of kerbside collections in Te Atatū, Panmure, Tāmaki, Clendon Park and Weymouth, with the intention of reducing waste to landfill.…

Why not leave rubbish collection to the private sector?

The Macroeconomic Effects of Tariffs: Evidence From U.S. Historical Data

We study the macroeconomic effects of tariff policy using U.S. historical data from 1840–2024. We construct a narrative series of plausibly exogenous tariff changes based on major legislative actions, multilateral negotiations, and temporary surcharges– and use it as an instrument to identify a structural tariff shock. Tariff increases are consistently contractionary: imports fall sharply, exports…

The Macroeconomic Effects of Tariffs: Evidence From U.S. Historical Data

Noah Smith Is Mistaken About Trade Deficits

TweetHere’s a letter to a long-time, friendly patron of Café Hayek. Pete: Thanks for sending along Noah Smith’s Christmas-eve post titled “Why Europe should resist the Second China Shock.” Like you, I disagree with much that’s in this post. Especially disappointing is Smith writing this: “That’s what a trade deficit is – the writing of…

Noah Smith Is Mistaken About Trade Deficits

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