Figure 1: Percentage achieving the proficiency level 5 or higher in mathematics by gender, USA, UK, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, 2012
Source: OECD StatExtract.
Top performers in maths by gender, USA, UK, Japan, Canada, Australia and New Zealand
01 Jul 2015 5 Comments
in economics of education, gender, human capital, labour economics Tags: Australia, British economy, Canada, Japan, lost boys, reversing gender gap
Top performers in reading by gender, USA, UK, Japan, Canada, Australia and New Zealand
30 Jun 2015 Leave a comment
in discrimination, economics of education, gender, human capital, labour economics Tags: Australia, British economy, Canada, Japan, lost boys, reversing gender gap
Figure 1: percentage achieving the proficiency level 5 or higher in reading by gender, USA, UK, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, 2012
Source: OECD StatExtract.
Japan’s population distribution by age – 1950, 2007, and 2050
26 Jun 2015 Leave a comment
Japan's population distribution by age – 1950, 2007, and 2050.
(from: wapo.st/153trI8) http://t.co/vt9z9NQDFs—
Max Roser (@MaxCRoser) June 22, 2015
The Quantity and Quality of Japanese, Singaporean and Hong Kong Lives, 1965 to 1995
23 Jun 2015 Leave a comment
in applied welfare economics, development economics, economic history, Gary Becker, growth miracles Tags: Hong Kong The Great Escape, Japan, life expectancy is, Singapore, The Great Enrichment, The Great Fact
Figure 1: increase in real GDP and increase in real GDP plus life expectancy GDP increase equivalent, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong, 1965 to 1995
GDP per capita is usually used to proxy for the quality of life of individuals living in different countries. Becker and his co-authors computed a "full" growth rate that incorporates the gains in health and life expectancy.
Figure 2 shows that Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore started from similar levels of real GDP per capita PPP in 1960.
Figure 2: GDP per capita in 2014 US$ (converted to 2014 price level with updated 2011 PPPs), Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore, 1960 – 2000
Source: The Conference Board. 2015. The Conference Board Total Economy Database™, May 2015, http://www.conference-board.org/data/economydatabase/
Who will be the 20 largest economies in 2030?
10 Jun 2015 Leave a comment
in development economics, economic growth, growth miracles, macroeconomics Tags: China, convergence, India, Japan
These will be the world’s 20 largest economies in 2030 bloom.bg/1IzgMhl http://t.co/KADxgakbEj—
Bloomberg VisualData (@BBGVisualData) May 20, 2015
Working age populations of Australia, New Zealand and Japan
18 May 2015 Leave a comment
in labour economics, labour supply, politics - New Zealand, politics - USA Tags: ageing society, Australia, Japan, labour demographics, New Zealand
HT: OECD
The robots are coming, the robots are coming – been there, done that in Japan
12 May 2015 1 Comment
in applied price theory, development economics, economic history, entrepreneurship, growth miracles, industrial organisation, labour economics, labour supply, survivor principle, unemployment Tags: creative destruction, entrepreneurial alertness, innovation, Japan, technological unemployment
When I was a kid, I used to like reading the Encyclopaedia Britannica. I read them from cover to cover.
One of the things I recalled from the Encyclopaedia Britannica was that in 1961 nearly half of the Japanese workforce worked in the agricultural sector.
I notice that anomaly when I was reading the Encyclopaedia Britannica entry on Japan in the 1970s. Japan had undergoing an economic transformation since my Encyclopaedia Britannica’s were written in 1961. It was very much out of date.
Australian manufacturing was being outcompeted in every direction from automobiles to clothing and footwear by the Japanese manufacturing sector back when I was a teenager.
The Japanese economic miracle absorbed the Japanese agricultural labour force without anybody having time to shout "the robots are coming, the robots are coming".
There is a lesson in there somewhere for the current breathless journalism, with far too many academic fellow travellers about "the robots are coming, the robots are coming".
When I was a student at graduate school in Japan, I visited a Japanese factory in 1996 that was completely automated bar one function. Only once did a human hand actually touch the electrical goods they were making. Naturally, at the Q&A session at the end of our visit, I asked when was his job going to be automated.
Does vertical political integration reduce corruption in government?
01 May 2015 Leave a comment
in economics of crime, industrial organisation, law and economics Tags: bribery and corruption, chain of monopolies problem, Japan, ODA, overseas aid, Pakistani
Anti-Dismal blogged today on how vertical integration can reduce the double mark-up problem of monopolies. The one thing worse than a monopoly is dealing with a chain of monopolies. Buyers must pay a monopoly price to each step in the chain.
If these monopolies were to merge into one single monopoly, the monopolist would charge a lower single monopoly price. The vertical integration captures the deadweight social loss of the chain of monopoly prices. Monopoly profits are higher, yet the monopoly price paid by buyers is lower.
This blog post reminded me of a particularly astute short article in the Economist 15 or so years ago analysing Benazir Bhutto’s husband as a solution to the chain of monopolies problem.
When Benazir Bhutto became Prime Minister of Pakistan for the first, she appointed her husband Minister of Investments. He became known as Mr 10%.
The welfare gain for the downtrodden Pakistani’s was that if you paid Benazir Bhutto’s husband is 10%, you got what you pay for. No further bribes of more junior and petty officials were required if you paid Benazir Bhutto’s husband his 10%. Many investments and business that otherwise would have been blocked but for countless bribes to a chain of corrupt politicians and bureaucrats at every turn went ahead.
When Benazir Bhutto became Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time, not only was her husband again appointed Minister of Investments, he had better economic advisers. He became Mr 40%. Benazir Bhutto’s husband wanted to capture the economic gains of single-stop bribery and corruption for his family.
My experience with Japanese overseas development assistance confirms the same. They budget 10% for bribes. Their main interest is effective bribery. If they pay a bribe, the Japanese ODA agency expects to get what they pay and not have to pay a chain of more junior officials as well for the same thing.
Recoveries from recessions across the G-7
28 Apr 2015 Leave a comment
in business cycles, economic growth, Euro crisis, global financial crisis (GFC), great recession, macroeconomics, politics - USA Tags: British economy, Canada, Eurosclerosis, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, recoveries from recessions
UK recovery: stronger than Italy, weaker than US & Canada. http://t.co/C0TEsbzMm3—
Jonathan Portes (@jdportes) April 28, 2015
Japanese population has peaked and is now in rapid decline to 2050
27 Apr 2015 Leave a comment
in labour economics, labour supply, population economics Tags: ageing society, economics of fertility, Japan, labour demographics
Japan's projected population through 2050. #dataviz
Source: washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldvie… http://t.co/79DKF0mQTs—
Randy Olson (@randal_olson) January 06, 2015
Relative productivity across the major economies
16 Apr 2015 Leave a comment
in economic growth, labour supply, macroeconomics Tags: Eurosclerosis, Japan, Lost Decade
There will be a lot of old Japanese by 2050
15 Apr 2015 Leave a comment
in population economics Tags: ageing society, Japan
Real GDP per Japanese and American aged 15-64, 2013 price level, updated 2005 EKS PPP, detrended, 1970-2013
13 Apr 2015 Leave a comment
in development economics, economic growth, global financial crisis (GFC), great recession, growth miracles, macroeconomics Tags: GFC, great recession, Japan, Lost Decade
Source: Computed from OECD StatExtract and The Conference Board, Total Database, January 2014, http://www.conference-board.org/economics.
Note: When the line is flat, the economy is growing at its trend growth rate. A falling line means below trend growth; a rising line means of above trend growth. Detrended with values used by Edward Prescott.
The Japanese decline after 1992 are the Lost Decades. Japan recently returned to its 3.2% trend growth rate of the 1970s and 1980s for working age Japanese.
It could be argued that Japan is now on a permanently lower growth rate that implies no further catch up with the USA.
Customer service was always a priority in Japan
01 Apr 2015 Leave a comment
in entrepreneurship, transport economics Tags: entrepreneurial alertness, Japan, Tokyo
Japan Railway's app has live data, sure… including the crowdedness and inside temperature of EACH TRAIN CAR. 😍/😭 http://t.co/ySz1oTuIbF—
Cabel Sasser (@cabel) March 27, 2015
Why a country’s average height is a good way of measuring its development | The Guardian
31 Mar 2015 Leave a comment
in development economics, growth disasters, growth miracles, health economics Tags: economics of physiology, Hong Kong, Japan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea
I spotted this 20 years ago when I first travelled in Asia and then lived Japan for two years. In Japan in 1995, each generation of Japanese was head and shoulders taller than the last. In the Philippines, I could look over the crowd – it was great to be tall.
No more, no longer. In the Philippines, young Filipinos are often almost as tall as me.
When I visited Hong Kong recently, both the young Chinese men and women were a bit taller than me at McDonald’s. I am average height for my generation of Australian men.
via Why a country’s average height is a good way of measuring its development | News | The Guardian.
Utopia, you are standing in it! 
Recent Comments