31 Oct 2015
by Jim Rose
in applied welfare economics, labour economics, labour supply, minimum wage, politics - USA, welfare reform
Tags: 2016 presidential election, earned income tax credit, family tax credits, in-work tax credits, living wage, social insurance, welfare state
10 Sep 2015
by Jim Rose
in currency unions, economic growth, Euro crisis, job search and matching, labour economics, labour supply, macroeconomics, poverty and inequality, unemployment, welfare reform
Tags: employment law, equilibrium unemployment rate, Eurosclerosis, labour market regulation, natural unemployment rate, social insurance, unemployment duration, unemployment insurance
31 Aug 2015
by Jim Rose
in discrimination, economics of love and marriage, gender, labour economics, labour supply, politics - USA, poverty and inequality, welfare reform
Tags: asymmetric marriage premium, child poverty, economics and fertility, engines of liberation, family poverty, marriage and divorce, marriage premium, single mothers, single parents
28 Aug 2015
by Jim Rose
in discrimination, economics of crime, economics of love and marriage, labour economics, law and economics, politics - New Zealand, population economics, poverty and inequality, unemployment, urban economics, welfare reform
Tags: crime and punishment, criminal deterrence, economics of the family, racial discrimination, single mothers, single parents, teen pregnancies
22 Aug 2015
by Jim Rose
in economic history, labour economics, politics - New Zealand, poverty and inequality, welfare reform
Tags: child poverty, family poverty, Leftover Left, measurement error, New Zealand Greens
AHC = after deducting housing costs
BHC = before deducting housing costs
‘anchored line’:
- this is the line set at a chosen level in a reference year (now 2007), and held fixed in real terms (CPI adjusted)
- the concept of ‘poverty’ here is – have the incomes of low-income households gone up or down in real terms compared with what they were previously?
‘moving line’:
- this is the fully relative line that moves when the median moves (e.g. if median rises, the poverty line rises and reported poverty rates increase even if low incomes stay the same)
- the concept of ‘poverty’ here is – have the incomes of low-income households moved closer or further away from the median?
Bryan Perry, Household Incomes in New Zealand: trends in indicators of inequality and hardship 1982 to 2014 – Ministry of Social Development, Wellington (August 2015), p. 133.
Source: Bryan Perry, Household Incomes in New Zealand: trends in indicators of inequality and hardship 1982 to 2014 – Ministry of Social Development, Wellington (August 2015), p. 133.
Is child poverty in New Zealand 245,000 children or 305,000 children?
If you base your estimate of child poverty on the 60% of median income after housing costs moving line, which is the number of low income households who moved further away from 60% of median income, a median which increased by 5% last year, the figure is 305,000 children after housing costs. 45,000 children are in households that is not as close to the median as last year but are not necessarily any poorer than last year in terms of money coming into the house.
If you base your estimate on the anchored line, which is the number of low income households whose income has gone up on down compared to what they were on previously,the number of children in poverty has increased from 235,000 to 245,000 after housing costs. About 10,000 children are poorer than last year – poorer enough than last year to be classified as in poverty.
19 Aug 2015
by Jim Rose
in economics of religion, gender, human capital, labour economics, labour supply, occupational choice, poverty and inequality, welfare reform
Tags: female labour force participation, female labour supply, France, gender gap, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey
17 Aug 2015
by Jim Rose
in business cycles, currency unions, economic growth, economic history, Euro crisis, job search and matching, labour economics, labour supply, macroeconomics, occupational choice, unemployment, unions, welfare reform
Tags: employment law, equilibrium unemployment, Greece, Italy, labour market regulation, natural unemployment rate, Portugal, Spain, unemployment duration
The boom that preceded the bust in the Greek economy did nothing for the rate of long-term unemployment among Greeks. Long-term unemployment had been pretty stable prior to the economic boom after joining the euro currency union.
Source: OECD StatExtract.
Nothing much happened to long-term unemployment in Italy or Portugal in recent decades. Spanish long-term unemployment fell in line with the economic boom in Spain over the 1980s and 1990s up until the global financial crisis.
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